On February 7, 2022, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China issued a notice seeking public opinions on the guidelines for project applications in 2022 for five key special projects under the National Key Research and Development Program: "Stem Cell Research and Organ Repair", "Catalytic Science", "Matter State Regulation", "Earth System and Global Change", and "Mathematics and Applied Research".

The overall objective of the key special project "Stem Cell Research and Organ Repair" is to address the critical scientific issues surrounding stem cell development and organ repair by deploying five key tasks: the regulation and mechanisms of stem cell fate, the ontogeny and senescence of stem cells and organs, in situ regeneration of organs and their mechanisms, the fabrication and functional remodeling of complex organs, and disease models based on stem cells. It plans to support 28 projects, along with 12 projects for young scientists.

The guidelines cover the following hot topics: organoids, organ-on-a-chip, extracellular vesicles (exosomes), stem cells and anti-aging of organs, in situ regeneration of organs, and stem cells and biomaterials. The guidelines repeatedly mention conducting frontier explorations of disease organoid models to provide innovative theories and technologies for the repair and replacement of important tissues and organs, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases. These include: high-throughput culturing and application of tissue organoids; digital assessment of the functions of stem cell-derived organs and organoids in vitro; establishment of complex 3D organoid models for tumors and neurodegenerative diseases; organoid models and applications based on the tumor microenvironment derived from stem cells; and establishment of organoid models for stem cells and related inflammatory cells infected with novel coronavirus.

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